Jeff Masters nails the importance of the Northwest Passage opening

I’m still catching up after being away for three days, but I want to make sure the following post by Jeff Masters from Friday doesn’t escape your attention, Danielle a Cat 4; Earl more organized; Northwest Passage opens for 4th year in a row. The part that prompted me to post comes near the end of his comments, where Jeff turns his attention the Northwest and Northeast Passages and what they mean in a larger context:

What caused the opening of the Northwest and Northeast Passages?
The remarkable thinning of Arctic sea ice in recent years has left behind a very thin layer of mostly 1-year old ice in the Arctic, highly vulnerable to rapid melting. As I describe in detail in wunderground’s sea ice page, this thinning was mostly due to natural wind pattern in the 1990s, much warmer than average ocean waters invading the Arctic from both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, very warm air temperatures, and deposition of black soot from fires used to clear agricultural land in Europe and air pollution originating in industrialized regions of the Northern Hemisphere. This year, Canada experienced its warmest winter in history, and record warm temperatures were observed during spring over the Western Canadian Arctic. Spring 2010 was the warmest in the region since 1948; some regions of the Western Canadian Arctic were more than 6°C (11°F) above average. These warm conditions helped break the ice up early in the Northwest Passage. Warm conditions continued this summer over both the Northwest and Northeast Passages, with temperatures averaging 1 – 2°C above average over the majority of the region. As observed in previous years, contributing to this year’s melt was the presence of much warmer than average ocean waters invading the Arctic from both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, and the deposition of black soot on the ice, which absorbs sunlight and heats up the ice. Lack of sunshine and natural wind patterns this summer helped counteract the melting, though, compared to the record melt year of 2007. Still, 2010 is on track come in 2nd or 3rd place for the lowest summertime Arctic sea ice extent on record. The past six years have had the six lowest Arctic ice extents on record, and this summer’s melting season took a huge toll on the amount of thick, multi-year old ice, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center. Modeling results from the University of Washington Polar Science Center (Figure 5) suggest that the volume of Arctic sea ice is at a record low for this time of year. The loss of so much old, thick ice this year makes it increasing likely that Arctic sea ice will suffer a record retreat that surpasses 2007′s, sometime in the next ten years. We are still on track to see the Arctic sea ice completely disappear in summer by 2030, as predicted by a number of Arctic sea ice experts.

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But Antarctic sea ice is at a record high!
Climate change contrarians like to diminish the importance of Arctic sea ice loss by pointing out that in recent years, Antarctic sea ice extent has hit several record highs, including in July of 2010. They fail to mention, though, the fact that ocean temperatures in the Antarctic sea ice region have warmed significantly in recent decades–and faster than the global average temperature rise! So how can sea ice increase when ocean temperatures are warming so dramatically? This topic is discussed in detail by one of my favorite bloggers, physicist John Cook over at skepticalscience.com. In his words:

“There are several contributing factors. One is the drop in ozone levels over Antarctica. The hole in the ozone layer above the South Pole has caused cooling in the stratosphere (Gillet 2003). A side-effect is a strengthening of the cyclonic winds that circle the Antarctic continent (Thompson 2002). The wind pushes sea ice around, creating areas of open water known as polynyas. More polynyas leads to increased sea ice production (Turner 2009).

Another contributor is changes in ocean circulation. The Southern Ocean consists of a layer of cold water near the surface and a layer of warmer water below. Water from the warmer layer rises up to the surface, melting sea ice. However, as air temperatures warm, the amount of rain and snowfall also increases. This freshens the surface waters, leading to a surface layer less dense than the saltier, warmer water below. The layers become more stratified and mix less. Less heat is transported upwards from the deeper, warmer layer. Hence less sea ice is melted (Zhang 2007). ”

This counter-intuitive result shows how complicated our climate system is. Climate change contrarians are masters at obscuring the truth by taking counter-intuitive climate events like this out of context, and twisting them into a warped but believable non-scientific narrative. Lawmakers tend to hear a lot of these narratives, since the lobbying wings of the oil and gas industry spent $175 million last year to help convince Congress not to regulate their industry. This number does not include the tens of millions more spent by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, National Association of Manufacturers, coal industry, and other business interests intent upon stymying legislation that might cut into profits of the oil, coal, and gas industry. For comparison, the lobbying money spent by environmental groups in 2009 was approximately $22.5 million. Spending for PR efforts aimed at influencing opinion on climate change issues probably has a similar disparity. This is a major reason why you may have heard, “Hey, Antarctic sea ice is increasing, so why worry about Arctic sea ice loss?”

Commentary
Diminishing the importance of Arctic sea ice loss by calling attention to Antarctic sea ice gain is like telling someone to ignore the fire smoldering in their attic, and instead go appreciate the coolness of the basement, because there is no fire there. Planet Earth’s attic is on fire. This fire is almost certain to grow much worse. When the summertime Arctic sea ice starts melting completely a few years or decades hence, the Arctic will warm rapidly, potentially leading to large releases of methane gas stored in permafrost and in undersea “methane ice” deposits. Methane is 20 – 25 times more potent than CO2 at warming the climate, meaning that the fire in Earth’s attic will inexorably spread to the rest of the globe. To deny that the fire exists, or that the fire is natural, or that the fire is too expensive to fight are all falsehoods. This fire requires our immediate and urgent attention. Volunteer efforts to fight the fire by burning less coal, oil, and gas are laudable, but insufficient. It’s like trying to fight a 3-alarm blaze with a garden hose. Every time you reduce your use of oil, gas, or coal, you make the price of those fuels cheaper, encouraging someone else to burn them. Global warming will not slow down until Big Government puts a price on oil, coal and gas–a price that starts out low but increases every year. This can be done via emissions trading, a “fee and dividend” approach, or other means. People are rightfully mistrustful of the ability of Big Government to solve problems, but we don’t have a choice. The alternative is to geoengineer our climate–an extremely risky solution. It is time to pay the big bucks and send out the fire engines, before the conflagration gets totally out of control. Consider the Great Russian Heat Wave of 2010 and the Pakistani floods of 2010 a warning. These sorts of extreme events will grow far more common in the decades to come, because of human-caused climate change.

I could not agree more strongly with everything I quoted above, particularly the “Commentary” section.

I find it astonishing that so many people still fail to understand the basic facts of our situation:

• Humanity is warming the planet and severely altering the climate with tens of billions of tons of greenhouse gas emissions every year.
• Continuing on this path means leads inexorably to an incredibly broad and painful set of impacts on human beings.
• The only way to avoid the worst of what’s to come is through collective action, which means direct government intervention in our lives and markets to a degree not considered “possible” in recent memory in the US and many other countries.
• Those of us screaming about this do not like that answer, but we hate it less than we do the alternative. Personally, I would dearly love to see the “magical free market” solve this problem for us, but that’s a Libertarian/right-winger wet dream that has precisely zero chance of happening. Want proof? Look at the way we’re accelerating as we near the sustainability cliff, all thanks to a “free market” and the influence large economic actors can buy in a horrible twisted political system. Anyone who claims the “free market” will fix our climate change (and peak oil and food and water supply and …) problem is either lying or is so utterly at the mercy of ideology and therefore clueless that he or she should be ignored.
• The timing of this situation is one of our worst enemies. We’ve already emitted enough CO2 to trigger widespread, painful impacts in the coming decades; shutting down further emissions, meaning literally a 100% overnight reduction, would not be enough to avoid it. The best we can hope for is to keep those impacts from becoming vastly worse by taking action before they arrive. This is biggest single chance humanity will ever have to move from adolescence to adulthood.

But what the hell, it’s fun to forge an identity by making fun of the president and environmentalists and climate scientists and being loud and obnoxious and against something, all as a direct consequence of your willful blindness. And look how well it works out for teenagers who drink and drive or drop out of school or do any of the other insane things adults are always telling them not to do. How can anyone argue with that logic?